The relationship between the liquid sample mass and the frequency of oscillation of the U-tube.The oscillation, or vibration, of a U-shaped glass tube (U-tube).Portable digital density meters are used to quickly and accurately determine the density of liquids. Determination of density using digital meters is based on two factors: If needed, a correction factor can be applied later to obtain the temperature-corrected measurement value. Both measurement and temperature values must be recorded. Simply record the measurement value at the surrounding temperature.Depending on the sample volume, it can take some time for the sample to reach this temperature. Use the hydrometer at its calibration temperature (usually 16 ☌ or 20 ☌).When using a hydrometer, the user has two options: It will float higher in a liquid with a greater specific gravity, such as water with sugar dissolved, compared to one with a lower specific gravity, such as pure water or alcohol. Most hydrometers measure the specific gravity of samples: in simple terms, a hydrometer tells the user if a liquid is denser or less dense than water. The density reading is taken by looking at the scale, where the level of the sample liquid aligns with a marking on the hydrometer scale. The hydrometer is immersed into the sample liquid until it floats. Made of blown glass, it consists of a bulbous bottom weighted with lead or steel shot and a long, narrow stem with a scale. A hydrometer is a cost-effective instrument used to determine the density of liquids.
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